{"id":18633,"date":"2023-04-05T09:32:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-05T06:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/?p=18633"},"modified":"2023-10-16T11:21:43","modified_gmt":"2023-10-16T08:21:43","slug":"transylvanosaurus-platycephalus-the-most-recently-discovered-dwarf-dinosaur-from-the-hateg-basin-in-romania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/en\/2023\/04\/05\/transylvanosaurus-platycephalus-cel-mai-recent-descoperit-dinozaur-pitic-din-bazinul-hateg-din-romania\/","title":{"rendered":"Transylvanosaurus platycephalus \u2013 the most recently discovered dwarf dinosaur from Romania\u2019s Ha\u021beg Basin"},"content":{"rendered":"

Transylvanosaurus platycephalus<\/em>\u00a0or the \u201cflat-headed lizard from Transylvania\u201d, is the most recently discovered dwarf dinosaur from Romania\u2019s Ha\u021beg Basin, representing a new genus and species. The research was formally published in 2022 in the Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. The discovery of Transylvanosaurus platycephalus<\/em> suggests that the biogeographical history of the family Rhabdodontidae<\/em> was much more complex than previously thought.<\/h4>\n
\"The
Illustration of the fauna of Ha\u021beg Island: the newly described dinosaur Transylvanosaurus platycephalus (front right), alongside other island inhabitants, including turtles, crocodilians, pterosaurs and other dwarf dinosaurs. Artist: Peter Nickolaus<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The first discoveries of fossilised dinosaur bones in Ha\u021beg<\/h3>\n

In 1895,\u00a0 <\/span>Ilona, the sister of Transylvanian baron Franz Nopcsa, discovered on the family estate what would become the first dinosaur fossils from the Ha\u021beg region<\/strong>. Inspired by this discovery, the young Nopcsa went to study at the University of Vienna, where he visited the renowned palaeontologist Eduard Suess. He showed Suess the bones in an attempt to understand their significance. Impressed, Suess encouraged him to study the collected fossils himself. At just 22 years of age, during his first year at university, Nopcsa published a paper describing a new\u00a0 <\/span>duck-billed dinosaur (hadrosaur), which he named Telmatosaurus transylvanicus<\/em>. Although the specimen was an adult, this hadrosaur was relatively small, with a body length of no more than 5 metres. \u201cNopcsa was asking questions that no one else had considered,\u201d <\/em>says Professor David Weishampel, a palaeontologist at the Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution at Johns Hopkins University. (1)<\/p>\n

Ha\u021beg palaeodiversity in the Late Cretaceous<\/h3>\n
\"Major
Major groups of fossil vertebrates from the Late Cretaceous Ha\u021beg Basin. Authors: Zoltan Csiki-Sava et al.<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Nopcsa continued a productive period of research, discovering a total of five dinosaur species, a crocodilian, a turtle and a pterosaur. An aquatic bird described by a British researcher who was a friend of Nopcsa was later added to this assemblage. This diversity, comprising nine contemporaneous species inhabiting the same geographical area, includes dinosaurs and other animal groups. It is remarkable among European faunas from the end of the Mesozoic Era and makes this region renowned for its palaeodiversity<\/strong>. Following a hiatus of half a century, intensive research resumed in the Ha\u021beg region. Approximately 60 species are now known, representing all major vertebrate groups: fish, amphibians, reptiles (snakes, lizards, crocodilians and dinosaurs), birds and mammals.<\/p>\n

The dwarf dinosaurs of Ha\u021beg<\/h3>\n
\"The
Position on the geological timescale. The dwarf dinosaurs lived in the Late Cretaceous, 70\u201367 million years ago (Ma). Authors: Zolt\u00e1n Csiki-Sava, Dan Grigorescu<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

The dinosaurs of Ha\u021beg have distinctive characteristics. They are known as the \u201cdwarf dinosaurs of Transylvania<\/strong>\u201d because they were smaller than related species from other parts of Europe. What explains this difference? Franz Nopcsa was the first palaeontologist to describe the phenomenon, which he termed \u201cinsular dwarfism<\/strong>\u201d. \u201cisland theory<\/strong>\u201d, as it is also called, remains widely accepted. During the Cretaceous, approximately 70\u201367 million years ago, shortly before the extinction of the non-avian dinosaurs, the Ha\u021beg region was a tropical island in an archipelago within the Tethys Ocean, the precursor of the Mediterranean Sea. Nopcsa called it \u201cHa\u021beg Island\u201d. Dinosaurs that inhabited the island over prolonged periods evolved relatively small body sizes in response to the limited food resources and space available in an island environment.<\/p>\n

\"Ha\u021beg
Illustration of Ha\u021beg Island 70\u201367 million years ago (Ma). Authors: Zolt\u00e1n Csiki-Sava, Dan Grigorescu<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Romania\u2019s most recently discovered dwarf dinosaur<\/h3>\n

The most recent discovery of a dwarf dinosaur representing a new genus and species was made by an international team of palaeontologists led by Felix Augustin of the University of T\u00fcbingen. The team included Associate Professor Zolt\u00e1n Csiki-Sava of the Faculty of Geology and Geophysics at the University of Bucharest, Dylan Bastiaans of the University of Z\u00fcrich and independent researcher Mihai Dumbrav\u0103 from Dorset. Although the fossils were found in 2007, the research was formally published in 2022 in the scientific journal Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology<\/strong>. The fossils formed the type material, the specimens on which the definition of a new species is based, of a new rhabdodontid dinosaur named \u201cTransylvanosaurus platycephalus<\/em>\u201d, or the \u201cflat-headed lizard from Transylvania\u201d.<\/p>\n

Taxonomy<\/h3>\n

The species name highlights its origin, while the genus name describes the exceptionally flattened shape of the skull compared with other rhabdodontids. Etymologically, \u201cTransylvanosaurus\u201d means \u201clizard from beyond the forest\u201d, from the Latin Trans<\/em> (\u201cbeyond\u201d), silva<\/em> (\u201cforest\u201d) and the Greek sauros<\/em> (\u201clizard\u201d), while \u201cplatycephalus\u201d means \u201cflat-headed\u201d, from the Greek platys<\/em> (\u201cflat\u201d) and the Greek cephalos<\/em> (\u201chead\u201d).<\/p>\n

The dinosaur\u2019s fossilised bones Transylvanosaurus platycephalus<\/em><\/h3>\n

The fossils are well preserved and comprise the articulated bones of the skull base and both frontal bones. They were recovered from the eastern part of the Ha\u021beg intermontane basin, along the B\u0103rbat River valley near Pui. The original specimen is currently housed in the Palaeontology Laboratory of the Faculty of Geology and Geophysics at the University of Bucharest. Photogrammetric techniques, which convert two-dimensional information into three-dimensional models, were used to produce several 3D replicas held in the Palaeontological Collection of the University of T\u00fcbingen.<\/p>\n

\"Transylvanosaurus
Photograph of skull fragments of the dinosaur Transylvanosaurus platycephalus<\/em> discovered in Romania. Authors: Felix Augustin, Peter Nickolaus and Dylan Bastiaans<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Significance of the discovery<\/h3>\n

Transylvanosaurus platycephalus<\/em> was a bipedal herbivorous dinosaur approximately 2 metres in length. The specimen was most likely a subadult, as most cranial sutures had not yet closed. Comparative morphological and phylogenetic analyses consistently supported its assignment to the family Rhabdodontidae<\/em>. The discovered fossils form one of the most complete Late Cretaceous rhabdodontid skulls from eastern Europe.<\/p>\n

Although Transylvanosaurus<\/em> appears to have been similar in size to related Romanian species in the genus Zalmoxes<\/em>, the new dinosaur differs considerably in skull morphology, suggesting differences in feeding. Its cranial bones also appear more similar to those of species from southern France. How can this relationship be explained? Researchers suggest that sea-level fluctuations and tectonic processes created temporary land bridges between islands, allowing dinosaurs to disperse to other territories.<\/p>\n

In conclusion, deposits of the Ha\u021beg Basin contain some of Europe\u2019s richest and most diverse Late Cretaceous fossil vertebrate assemblages. The discovery of Transylvanosaurus platycephalus<\/em> suggests that the biogeographical history of the family Rhabdodontidae<\/em> was much more complex than previously thought.<\/p>\n

Ha\u021beg Country UNESCO Global Geopark<\/h3>\n

Here<\/a> you can learn more about Transylvania\u2019s dwarf dinosaurs. For a distinctive cultural experience, we invite you to explore the Ha\u021beg Country UNESCO Global Geopark.<\/p>\n

References<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. Veselka, Vanessa,\u00a0 History Forgot This Rogue Aristocrat Who Discovered Dinosaurs and Died Penniless<\/a>, Smithsonian Magazine, 07.2016<\/li>\n
  2. Augustin, F., Bastiaans, D., Dumbrav\u0103, M. D., Csiki-Sava, Z., A new ornithopod dinosaur, Transylvanosaurus platycephalus gen. et sp. nov. (Dinosauria: Ornithischia), from the Late Cretaceous of the Ha\u0163eg Basin, Romania, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 27.10.2022, e2133610<\/li>\n
  3. https:\/\/zoobank.org\/References\/57B462E5-E08E-42DC-B256-4E978DFBFCC7<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. https:\/\/www.hateggeoparc.ro<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Transylvanosaurus platycephalus\u00a0sau \u201c\u0219op\u00e2rla cu cap turtit din Transilvania\u201d este cel mai recent descoperit dinozaur pitic (un nou gen \u0219i o nou\u0103 specie) din Bazinul Ha\u021beg din Rom\u00e2nia. Publicarea oficial\u0103 a cercet\u0103rilor a fost f\u0103cut\u0103 \u00een anul 2022 \u00een revista \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103 “Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology”. Descoperirea lui Transylvanosaurus platycephalus sugereaz\u0103 o istorie biogeografic\u0103 a familiei Rhabdodontidae […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":152,"featured_media":18637,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,633],"tags":[551,548,546,550,549,547,63,545],"class_list":["post-18633","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articole-si-stiri","category-dinozauri-reptile-si-reptile","tag-bazinul-hateg","tag-cretacic-tarziu","tag-dinozaur-pitic","tag-geoparc-unesco","tag-piticism-insular","tag-tara-hategului","tag-transilvania","tag-transylvanosaurus-platycephalus"],"yoast_head":"\nTransylvanosaurus platycephalus - dinozaur pitic din Bazinul Ha\u021beg<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un nou gen \u0219i o nou\u0103 specie de dinozaur pitic - Transylvanosaurus platycephalus - descoperit \u00een Bazinul Ha\u021beg din Rom\u00e2nia.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/en\/2023\/04\/05\/transylvanosaurus-platycephalus-the-most-recently-discovered-dwarf-dinosaur-from-the-hateg-basin-in-romania\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Transylvanosaurus platycephalus - 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