{"id":6862,"date":"2019-08-28T20:05:29","date_gmt":"2019-08-28T17:05:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/?p=6862"},"modified":"2023-10-15T09:30:09","modified_gmt":"2023-10-15T06:30:09","slug":"when-did-the-first-animals-appear-and-how-did-they-evolve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/en\/2019\/08\/28\/primele-animale-cand-au-aparut-si-cum-au-evoluat\/","title":{"rendered":"The first animals: when did they appear and how did they evolve?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">For approximately 4 billion years, life on Earth consisted of single-celled organisms. After this long interval, multicellular organisms appeared and began to diversify approximately 575 million years ago. The precise cause of this event, known as the Avalon explosion, remains unknown. It marked the beginning of the Ediacaran Period, which lasted from 635 to 542 million years ago, and was followed by the Cambrian explosion approximately 541 million years ago, when the major animal phyla appeared.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Precambrian_sea-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration of Precambrian life\" class=\"wp-image-6893\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Precambrian_sea-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Precambrian_sea-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Precambrian_sea-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Precambrian_sea-555x416.jpg 555w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Illustration of marine life in the Precambrian. Artist: Ghedoghedo. Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Wikipedia (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f2\/Precambrian_sea.JPG\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>When did the first animals appear?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first animals appeared more than 500 million years ago. Although their remains have not been preserved, studies of living species allow us to infer the appearance of their ancestors: small, soft bodies composed of specialised cells. The earliest animal remains are impressions in rock rather than fossilised body material, such as those in Australia\u2019s Ediacara Hills, dating to 630 million years ago. The Ediacaran Period takes its name from this region. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1280px-Charnia_masoni_fossil_New_Walk_Museum-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Charnia masoni fossil\" class=\"wp-image-6865\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1280px-Charnia_masoni_fossil_New_Walk_Museum-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1280px-Charnia_masoni_fossil_New_Walk_Museum-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1280px-Charnia_masoni_fossil_New_Walk_Museum-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1280px-Charnia_masoni_fossil_New_Walk_Museum-555x416.jpg 555w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/1280px-Charnia_masoni_fossil_New_Walk_Museum.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fossil of <em>Charnia masoni<\/em>, New Walk Museum, Leicester. Photograph: Andy Dingley. Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Wikipedia (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Charnia#\/media\/File:Charnia_masoni_fossil,_New_Walk_Museum.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">One such impression was left by&nbsp;<em>Charnia<\/em>, which appears more plant-like than animal-like. Careful study of the impressions nevertheless showed that&nbsp;<em>Charnia<\/em>&nbsp;initially grew by adding branches at its tip. This mode of development later ceased, and growth continued through enlargement of the existing branches, resembling the transition from a juvenile to an adult animal. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How were the first animals fossilised?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">These fossils were preserved through the decay and subsequent mineralisation of soft tissues, leaving traces that differ in colour from the surrounding rock. This type of fossilisation occurs under exceptional conditions, such as rapid burial followed by slow decomposition in an oxygen-poor environment.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"413\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/CJF132D.jpg\" alt=\"Misszhouia longicaudata fossil\" class=\"wp-image-6867\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/CJF132D.jpg 550w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/CJF132D-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fossil of <em>Misszhouia longicaudata<\/em> \u2013 source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fossilmuseum.net\/Fossil_Sites\/Chengjiang\/Misszhouia-longicaudata\/CJF132D.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"fossilmuseum.net (opens in a new tab)\">fossilmuseum.net<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An example is provided by the remains of&nbsp;<em>Misszhouia longicaudata<\/em>, which were preserved despite the absence of a hard skeleton. Impressions of its soft tissues reveal the intestine, visible as a dark band in the centre, and the limbs, represented by fine lines around the head and body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How did the first animals evolve?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Approximately 540 million years ago, the so-called Cambrian explosion produced animals whose fossils display body plans recognisable in living organisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The oldest fossils, however, date to the Ediacaran, the period preceding the Cambrian. They show intestines and bilateral organisation, as seen in most animals today.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Genetic research indicates that these features originated approximately 100 million years before the Ediacaran, possibly in response to successive episodes of global cooling during which Earth became extensively ice-covered. These conditions may have placed organisms under pressure to adapt. This evolutionary development has been associated with rising sea levels and the influx of large quantities of chemical substances, including calcium compounds. Animals used these materials to develop protective shells, plates and spines, skeletons that enabled movement in search of food, and teeth and claws for capturing prey. Competition between predators and prey accelerated evolution by creating new ecological niches.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"651\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Namacalathus_and_Cloudina_Canada_in_545_million_year_old_limestone_-_Redpath_Museum_-_McGill_University_-_Montreal_Canada_-_DSC07920-1024x651.jpg\" alt=\"Namacalathus fossil\" class=\"wp-image-6869\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Namacalathus_and_Cloudina_Canada_in_545_million_year_old_limestone_-_Redpath_Museum_-_McGill_University_-_Montreal_Canada_-_DSC07920-1024x651.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Namacalathus_and_Cloudina_Canada_in_545_million_year_old_limestone_-_Redpath_Museum_-_McGill_University_-_Montreal_Canada_-_DSC07920-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Namacalathus_and_Cloudina_Canada_in_545_million_year_old_limestone_-_Redpath_Museum_-_McGill_University_-_Montreal_Canada_-_DSC07920-768x488.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Namacalathus_and_Cloudina_Canada_in_545_million_year_old_limestone_-_Redpath_Museum_-_McGill_University_-_Montreal_Canada_-_DSC07920-555x353.jpg 555w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fossil of <em>Namacalathus<\/em> \u2013 photograph: Daderot. Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Wikipedia (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/eu.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Namacalathus#\/media\/Fitxategi:Namacalathus_and_Cloudina,_Canada,_in_545_million_year_old_limestone_-_Redpath_Museum_-_McGill_University_-_Montreal,_Canada_-_DSC07920.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The earliest evidence of skeletons occurs in fossils from the Ediacaran and early Cambrian. X-ray scanning techniques generate three-dimensional models of these organisms, allowing researchers to analyse them digitally, layer by layer. One of the oldest organisms of this kind is&nbsp;<em>Namacalathus<\/em>, which had the shape of a stemmed goblet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Other animals, such as&nbsp;<em>Protohertzina<\/em>, developed hard spines used to capture organisms protected by shells, such as&nbsp;<em>Pelagiella<\/em>&nbsp;, which also bore spines. The details are highlighted by coating the specimens with gold. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Do animals of this kind still survive?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first animals have not survived to the present day, but living species have inherited their body plans and characteristics. The following examples illustrate this continuity:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carpilius_corallinus_cerveny_krab-1.jpg\" alt=\"Carpilius corallinus\" class=\"wp-image-6871\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carpilius_corallinus_cerveny_krab-1.jpg 752w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carpilius_corallinus_cerveny_krab-1-300x239.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carpilius_corallinus_cerveny_krab-1-555x443.jpg 555w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Living batwing coral crab species <em>Carpilius corallinus<\/em> \u2013 photograph: Jaro Nem\u010dok. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carpilius_corallinus#\/media\/File:Carpilius_corallinus_cerveny_krab.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Wikipedia (opens in a new tab)\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"550\" height=\"413\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/CJF183C.jpg\" alt=\"Leanchoilia illecebrosa\" class=\"wp-image-6910\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/CJF183C.jpg 550w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/CJF183C-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Fossil of <em>Leanchoilia illecebrosa<\/em> \u2013 source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"fossilmuseum.net (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.fossilmuseum.net\/Fossil_Sites\/Chengjiang\/Leanchoilia-illecebrosa\/CJF183C.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">fossilmuseum.net<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Arthropods<\/strong><\/em>: living members of this group share an external skeleton, a segmented body and jointed limbs. Cambrian fossils document the transition from soft to hardened appendages and the evolution of complex mouthparts and an exoskeleton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"511\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Beekprik_Lampetra_planeri-1024x511.png\" alt=\"Lampetra planeri\" class=\"wp-image-6873\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Beekprik_Lampetra_planeri-1024x511.png 1024w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Beekprik_Lampetra_planeri-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Beekprik_Lampetra_planeri-768x383.png 768w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Beekprik_Lampetra_planeri-555x277.png 555w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Beekprik_Lampetra_planeri.png 1221w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Living species of <em>Lampetra planeri<\/em> \u2013 photograph: Jelle Wissink. Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Wikipedia (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Brook_lamprey#\/media\/File:Beekprik_(Lampetra_planeri).png\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"239\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Xidazoon_stephanus_e.jpg\" alt=\" Xidazoon stephanus artistic reconstruction\" class=\"wp-image-6874\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Xidazoon_stephanus_e.jpg 600w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Xidazoon_stephanus_e-300x120.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Xidazoon_stephanus_e-555x221.jpg 555w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Artistic reconstruction of <em>Xidazoon stephanus<\/em> \u2013 artist: Stanton F. Fink. Source: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Wikipedia (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pomatrum#\/media\/File:Xidazoon_stephanus_e.jpg\" target=\"_blank\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em><strong>Deuterostomes<\/strong><\/em><strong>&nbsp;<\/strong>are a group of animals with pharyngeal slits used in respiration and feeding. <em>Lampetra planeri<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carteriospongia_cf_foliascens_Maldives-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"Carteriospongia cf. foliascens\" class=\"wp-image-6875\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carteriospongia_cf_foliascens_Maldives-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carteriospongia_cf_foliascens_Maldives-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carteriospongia_cf_foliascens_Maldives-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carteriospongia_cf_foliascens_Maldives-555x416.jpg 555w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Carteriospongia_cf_foliascens_Maldives.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Living sponge species <em>Carteriospongia cf. foliascens<\/em> \u2013 photograph: Ahmed Abdul Rahman. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carteriospongia#\/media\/File:Carteriospongia_cf_foliascens_Maldives.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Wikipedia (opens in a new tab)\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"252\" height=\"416\" src=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Choiaella_radiata.jpg\" alt=\"Choiaella radiata artistic reconstruction\" class=\"wp-image-6876\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Choiaella_radiata.jpg 252w, https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/Choiaella_radiata-182x300.jpg 182w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 252px) 100vw, 252px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"> Artistic reconstruction of <em>Choiaella radiata<\/em>, artist: Apokryltaros. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Choiaella#\/media\/File:Choiaella_radiata.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Wikipedia (opens in a new tab)\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sponges <\/strong>are simple, sessile animals without internal organs, muscles or a nervous system. <em>Choiaella radiata<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first animals formed the foundation of life as we know it today. Had they evolved differently, humans might also have been different, or might never have arisen. These organisms represent our distant evolutionary ancestors, and their fossils provide evidence of the complex evolutionary processes that shaped life on Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sources: <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Oxford University Museum of Natural History (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.oum.ox.ac.uk\/firstanimals\/?fbclid=IwAR2LHIPPDBt_Qevy9a1yOOOmJ5HM49dB4hpDqzKX6oJT-fbR3hjD_Aoa778#group-First-Animals-iDULiuWNAB\" target=\"_blank\">Oxford University Museum of Natural History<\/a>, <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Science News for Students (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencenewsforstudents.org\/article\/when-life-exploded?fbclid=IwAR2u4Y3WAtgJ-5K-FHqei0ehVkwzAAJspnacFh8LSDZzhcDQQc5sEiC6HQs\" target=\"_blank\">Science News for Students<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/news\/what-sparked-the-cambrian-explosion-1.19379\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Nature (opens in a new tab)\">Nature<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Timp de aproximativ 4 miliarde de ani, via\u021ba pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt a fost compus\u0103 din organisme unicelulare. Dup\u0103 aceast\u0103 lung\u0103 perioad\u0103, acum aproximativ 575 de milioane de ani, au ap\u0103rut organismele multicelulare care au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se \u00eenmul\u021beasc\u0103. Nici p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een zilele noastre nu se \u0219tie exact ce a determinat acest eveniment, denumit explozia Avalon\u0103. Acesta [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":6893,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,635],"tags":[45,346,74,11,344],"class_list":["post-6862","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articole-si-stiri","category-primele-animale","tag-cambrian","tag-ediacaran","tag-evolutie","tag-fosile","tag-primele-animale"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Primele animale - c\u00e2nd au ap\u0103rut \u0219i cum au evoluat? - DinoShop.ro<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dinoshop.ro\/en\/2019\/08\/28\/when-did-the-first-animals-appear-and-how-did-they-evolve\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Primele animale - c\u00e2nd au ap\u0103rut \u0219i cum au evoluat? - DinoShop.ro\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Timp de aproximativ 4 miliarde de ani, via\u021ba pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt a fost compus\u0103 din organisme unicelulare. Dup\u0103 aceast\u0103 lung\u0103 perioad\u0103, acum aproximativ 575 de milioane de ani, au ap\u0103rut organismele multicelulare care au \u00eenceput s\u0103 se \u00eenmul\u021beasc\u0103. Nici p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een zilele noastre nu se \u0219tie exact ce a determinat acest eveniment, denumit explozia Avalon\u0103. 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